Excercise physiologists can be employed in diverse settings, such as healthclubs, recreation centers, educational institutions, etc. When working with athletes, they monitor and assess:
the cardiovasular and metabolic effects and mechanisms of excercise,replenishment of fluids during physical activity, and excercise for cardiac and musculoskeletal rehab
ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate transports chemical energy withing cells. It is produced by cellular respiration and is used in many cellular processes.
CP: Creatine Phosphate is a molecule that serves as a reserve of high-energy phosphates in the skeletal muscle (and brain). It can anaerobically supply a phosphate group to to ADP in order to form ATP during the first 2-7 seconds following an intense muscular effort.
Aerobic Respiration: Requires oxygen to generate ATP (Energy). This occurs the glycolysis, the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
Glycolysis: In this process, glucose is converted into pyruvate. The energy released from this process is used to form ATP and NADH. This is a ten reaction sequence.
Lactic Acid: Lactic acid is a chemical compound playing a significant role in many biochemical processes. It is also a byproduct during anerobic glycolysis. Anaerobic Glycolysis occurs in endurance activities where the muscle breaks down glycogen stored there to use for enery
Carbs, Fats, Proteins: All of these are neccessary in a diet. For aerobic metabolism, Oxygen is used through krebs cycle and the electron transport chain to make atp from food containing carbs, fats, and proteins.
VO2 Max: VO2 max is the max capacity of a person's body to transport/use oxygen furing periods of excercise. This reflects the physical fitness of a person. Physical training can increase this value and age can decrease it.
Young, untrained male: Avg VO2 max is 3.5 litres/min
Young, untrained female: Avg VO2 max is 2.0 litres/min
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