Stress

Stress: a physical and emotional reaction that everyone experiences as they encounter changes in life.

-It is the reaction of our body to sudden changes in our environment

-Stress can positively help us to deal with daily problems and help us to meet challenges, but has many negative impacts as well

-It can increase our heart rate and blood pressure, make our muscles tense, and make us sweat

Risks of Stress

-Constant stress can lead to high blood pressure, which can cause heart problems

-It can lead to migraines, depression, back pains, ulcers, and sometimes cancer

-Some studies show it can lead to a weakened immune system

Preventing Stress

1. Avoid controllable stressers

2. Plan major lifestyle changes

3. Realize your limits

4. Prioritize

5. Improve communication

6. Share your thoughts

7. Develop a positive attitudes

8. Reward yourself

9. Exercise

10. Eat and Sleep well

Managing Stress

1. Plan by visualizing expected events

2. Think positively

3. Imagine potential negative big events

4. Relax with deep breathing

5. Relax by clearing your mind

6. Relax your muscles

7. Relax with stretching and exercise

8. Relax with massage therapy

9. Ask for help

10. Find professional help if needed

Excercise Physiology

Excercise physiologists can be employed in diverse settings, such as healthclubs, recreation centers, educational institutions, etc. When working with athletes, they monitor and assess:

the cardiovasular and metabolic effects and mechanisms of excercise,replenishment of fluids during physical activity, and excercise for cardiac and musculoskeletal rehab

ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate transports chemical energy withing cells. It is produced by cellular respiration and is used in many cellular processes.

CP: Creatine Phosphate is a molecule that serves as a reserve of high-energy phosphates in the skeletal muscle (and brain). It can anaerobically supply a phosphate group to to ADP in order to form ATP during the first 2-7 seconds following an intense muscular effort.

Aerobic Respiration: Requires oxygen to generate ATP (Energy). This occurs the glycolysis, the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

Glycolysis: In this process, glucose is converted into pyruvate. The energy released from this process is used to form ATP and NADH. This is a ten reaction sequence.

Lactic Acid: Lactic acid is a chemical compound playing a significant role in many biochemical processes. It is also a byproduct during anerobic glycolysis. Anaerobic Glycolysis occurs in endurance activities where the muscle breaks down glycogen stored there to use for enery

Carbs, Fats, Proteins: All of these are neccessary in a diet. For aerobic metabolism, Oxygen is used through krebs cycle and the electron transport chain to make atp from food containing carbs, fats, and proteins.

VO2 Max: VO2 max is the max capacity of a person's body to transport/use oxygen furing periods of excercise. This reflects the physical fitness of a person. Physical training can increase this value and age can decrease it.

Young, untrained male: Avg VO2 max is 3.5 litres/min

Young, untrained female: Avg VO2 max is 2.0 litres/min